Manual Testing

Software testing is an investigation conducted to provide stakeholders with information about the quality of the product.Manual testing is a testing process that is carried out manually in order to find defects without the usage of tools or automation scripting. A test plan document is prepared that acts as a guide to the testing process in order to have the complete test coverage.

                                                                                              Overview

     Software testing is an activity to check whether the actual results match the expected results and to ensure that the software system is defect free. It involves execution of a software component or system component to evaluate one or more properties of interest.

     Why is Software Testing Important?

Testing is important because software bugs could be expensive or even dangerous. Software bugs can potentially cause monetary and human loss, history is full of such examples.

• In April 2015, Bloomberg terminal in London crashed due to software glitch affected more than 300,000 traders on financial markets. It forced the government to postpone a 3bn pound debt sale.
• Nissan cars have to recall over 1 million cars from the market due to software failure in the airbag sensory detectors. There has been reported two accident due to this software failure.
  Starbucks was forced to close about 60 percent of stores in the U.S and Canada due to software failure in its POS system. At one point store served coffee for free as they unable to process the transaction.
• Some of the Amazon’s third party retailers saw their product price is reduced to 1p due to a software glitch. They were left with heavy losses.
• Vulnerability in Window 10. This bug enables users to escape from security sandboxes through a flaw in the win32k system.
• In 2015 fighter plane F-35 fell victim to a software bug, making it unable to detect targets correctly.
• China Airlines Airbus A300 crashed due to a software bug on April 26, 1994, killing 264 innocent live
• In 1985, Canada's Therac-25 radiation therapy machine malfunctioned due to software bug and delivered lethal radiation doses to patients, leaving 3 people dead and critically injuring 3 others.
• In April of 1999, a software bug caused the failure of a $1.2 billion military satellite launch, the costliest accident in history
• In may of 1996, a software bug caused the bank accounts of 823 customers of a major U.S. bank to be credited with 920 million US dollars.
   

  SDLC: SDLC is Software Development Life Cycle. It is the sequence of activities carried out by Developers to design and develop high-quality software.

  Though SDLC uses the term ‘Development’, it does not involve just coding tasks done by developers but also incorporates the tasks contributed by testers and stakeholders.

  In SDLC, test cases are created.

• STLC: STLC is Software Testing Life Cycle. It consists of series of activities carried out by Testers methodologically to test your software product.

  Though STLC uses the term “testing” it does not involve just testers, at some instances, they have to involve developers as well.